Frontier Statistics: Household Debt

An Exploration of Household Loans within the Quarterly Financial Accounts - Q4 2025

The Quarterly Financial Accounts (QFA)  dataset presents a complete and consistent set of financial data for all sectors of the Irish economy. It provides comprehensive information on the financial and investment activities of households, non-financial corporations, financial corporations, government and the rest of the world.

Within the QFA, data on loans to households are available with a maturity split and counterpart sector breakdown. However, no data is available on the purpose of these household loans. This Frontier Statistics series fills this data gap, providing a breakdown of household loans from domestic counterparts by purpose, into mortgages and other loans. It provides a further breakdown of mortgage loans into home loans and Buy-to-let mortgages. This breakdown of household debt is achieved by combining the QFA household loan liabilities series with data from Credit and Banking Statistics and the Central Credit Register (CCR). This additional breakdown of domestic loans to households can help enhance the understanding of risks faced by households and how these have evolved over time. Differences between these statistics may be explained in the explanatory notes.

Key Observations

  • Banks are the largest domestic lenders to Irish households, accounting for €113.1 billion of the €150.2 billion outstanding loans. Home loans (€91.8 billion) are the predominant loan purpose for banks as of Q4 2025.
  • Mortgages account for 76 per cent of total household loans as of Q4 2025. This share has been steady in recent quarters.
  • The share of buy-to-let within total household mortgage loans has decreased from 15 per cent to 5 per cent since Q1 2020. With 67 per cent, the majority of buy-to-let mortgages are provided by OFIs (other financial institutions).
  • The share of household mortgages with OFIs accounts for 13 per cent of overall mortgages in Q4 2025.

Publication note: This series is subject to change, often resulting from revisions of the QFA dataset. This page was last updated on 26 June 2026 with data from Q4 2025. Historical data can be accessed in the data file at the end of this page.


Overview – Total Loans to Irish Households

Key Indicator – Total Loans to Households

Total loans to Irish households from domestic lenders were €150bn in Q4 2025.

Home loans account for the largest share of total household loan liabilities, averaging over two thirds of total loan liabilities over the time-series, and reaching a series high of 71 per cent in Q4 2025. This percentage represents €106.6 billion in loans, while buy-to-let was €7 billion and other loans to households were €36.6 billion.


Overview – Mortgages split by purpose

Banks are the dominant provider of home loans to households, with total home loans reaching €107.8 bn in Q4 2025. The majority of home loan mortgages (85%) are provided by banks. This percentage represents €91.8 billion in home loans in Q4 2025, which is the highest value of lending from banks in the series. Other financial institutions have declined for the second period, after an increase in Q2 2025.

The majority of buy-to-let mortgages (67%) are provided by OFIs. While the total value of buy-to-let mortgages have fallen across the series, this has been largely driven by a decline in bank buy-to-let lending. While OFI values have fluctuated over the period, bank values have declined from a high of €7.4 billion in Q3 2020 to the current low of €2.31 billion in Q4 2025. Q3 2020 also represented banks’ highest share of buy-to-let mortgages (51 per cent) which has since declined to 33 percent in the most recent quarter.


Overview – Household Loan Lenders


Overview – Bank Mortgages

Key Indicator – Home Loans

Home Loan Mortgages from Banks in Q4 2025 were €91.8 billion.

Key Indicator – Buy-to-let

Buy-to-Let Mortgages from Banks in Q4 2025 were €2.3 billion.

Bank mortgage loans to households are concentrated in home loans, with the buy-to-let share steadily declining in recent years. At the beginning of the series, buy-to-let represented almost 8 per cent of the total. Since then, it has steadily declined to to just 2 per cent of the total loans in Q4 2025. Other loans have remained relatively stable across these periods, at 17 per cent, while home loans have risen from 77 per cent at the beginning of the series to 81 per cent in Q4 2025.


Overview – OFI Mortgages

Key Indicator – Home Loans

Home Loan Mortgages from OFIs in Q4 2025 were €13.7 billion.

Key Indicator – Buy-to-let

Buy-to-Let Mortgages from OFIs in Q4 2025 were €4.7 billion.

Household mortgage liabilities with OFIs slightly decreased in Q4 2025. Home loans represent 74 per cent of household mortgage liabilities with OFIs, while buy-to-let represents the other 26 per cent. This proportion has been slowly trending more towards home loans over the span of the series.


Background

This Frontier Statistics presents data on Irish household loan liabilities with domestic counterparts within Quarterly Financial Accounts (QFA) by lender and loan type. This includes a further breakdown of mortgage loans into home loans and buy-to-let. Thereby, this data enhances household analysis within the official series of QFA, applying information on loans by lender and loan purpose from the Central Credit Register (CCR) and Credit and Banking Statistics on household loan liabilities by counterpart sector data available in QFA.

This data is published for the first time as a Frontier Statistics release, indicating that the methods and data within are subject to revision. This data will be updated on a quarterly basis. You can learn more about the Frontier Statistics project on the What Are Frontier Statistics webpage.

Coverage and Scope

Data on household debt in this Frontier Statistics is subject to the same coverage and scope as in QFA. QFA covers household debt by counterpart sector, i.e. it shows the loans that households borrow from other institutional sectors. QFA captures aggregates for the sectors only, and breaks down loans only by original maturity. QFA includes a breakdown of household loan liabilities into resident and non-resident counterparts. This frontier statistics considers only the loan liabilities of Irish households with domestic counterpart sectors.

The CCR provides granularity on loans to individuals, and information on the types of lenders and loans, for details visit Central Credit Register website. This publication groups the lenders in the CCR into resident banks and OFI lenders (other financial institutions) as well as government, to align with the QFA counterpart sectors.

Data Checks and Revisions

As part of the Frontier Statistics series, the Household Debt publication will undergo continuous revisions each quarter. The data and methodology are subject to change as CCR and QFA data are subject to change. The analysis will be repeated each quarter to ensure the most timely data is included.

Data quality checks are carried out by comparing CCR data with other Central Bank of Ireland Official Statistics data sets such as credit and banking statistics, including Balance Sheet Items Statistics (BSI).

Definitions

Quarterly Financial Accounts (QFA):

The Quarterly Financial Accounts (QFA) present a complete and consistent set of quarterly financial data for all sectors of the Irish economy. They provide comprehensive information on the financial activities and balance sheet of households, non-financial corporations, financial corporations, government and the rest of the world, forming an integral part of Ireland’s system of national accounts.

Central Credit Register (CCR): A database of loans of €500 or more borrowed by a person living in the Irish State at the time of applying for the loan, or borrowed via a loan agreement/application, which is governed by Irish law. The CCR was set up in 2013 by the Central Bank of Ireland under the Credit Reporting Act 2013 (as amended). Lenders submit information on existing loans and loan applications to the CCR.

Balance Sheet Items (BSI): BSI statistics collects detailed information on balance sheet of the monetary financial institutions (MFI) sector. BSI includes data on lending of deposit taking corporations, i.e. credit institutions and credit unions resident in Ireland, by counterpart sector, including the household sector according to the QFA definition. It breaks down the loans granted to households by purpose of the loan into credit for consumption, lending for house purchase and other loans.

Individual Household: The CCR collects information on individual households who have made a credit application, have made a credit agreement or area guarantor. Individual households may also borrow for business purposes without being considered a company but allocated to the household sector to align with the definition of households in QFA.

Lender: The CCR collects data from Credit Information Providers (Lenders). Lenders are usually broken down into banks and non-banks. The latter comprises of OFIs and government within the release.

Bank: Banks in this dataset refers to deposit taking corporations (ESA 2010 S122) resident in Ireland, including Credit Institutions and Credit Unions. The shares of loans accounted for by mortgages and other loans within this frontier statistics release are consistent with the equivalent BSI shares for this subsector of MFIs.

OFI: Other financial institutions (OFI) refers to ESA 2010 sectors S125, S126 and S127. This includes entities such as financial vehicle corporations engaged in securitisation transactions (FVCs), security and derivative dealers, financial corporations engaged in lending, specialised financial corporations, as well as captive financial institutions. The share of OFI loans accounted for by mortgages and other loans are approximated by using the share of loans by ‘non-banks’ to households by purpose within the CCR data.

Government: The government sector refers to ESA 2010 sector S13. This includes lending undertaken by any entity identified as being state controlled and loans of local authorities, as well as other state bodies and agencies.

Mortgage Loans: this is an aggregate of home loans and buy-to-let loans within the release.

Buy-to-Let Loans: Buy-to-let loans are loans taken to buy a property intended to rent out rather than to live in.

Home Loans: A home loan mortgage is a loan given by an entity for the purchase of a residence. To include direct comparability between BSI (Loans to Irish Households Table A.5.1), and CCR source data, the home loan grouping is used for BSI by combining principal dwelling loans and holiday home loans from Credit and Banking Statistics (Table A.18.1).

Other Loans to Households: Loans taken by households for purpose other than for home loans and buy-to-let.

Data

The files below contain the data within the charts above, including historical data.

Household Mortgage Loans Frontier Statistics Tables | xlsx 697 KB

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